| 长元音 |
|
短元音 |
| /ɑ:/ |
car star |
|
/ʌ/ |
cup fuck |
| /ɔ:/ |
door your |
|
/ɔ/ |
box hot |
| /ɜː/ |
bird first |
|
/ə/ |
the |
| /i:/ |
please sleep |
|
/ɪ/ |
big pig |
| /u:/ |
school room |
|
/ʊ/ |
good book |
| |
|
|
/e/ |
egg bed |
| |
|
|
/æ/ |
bad dad |
| 双元音 |
| /eɪ/ |
make cake |
/aɪ/ |
I high |
/ɔɪ/ boy |
| /ɪə/ |
here |
/eə/ |
there |
/ʊə/ sure |
| /aʊ/ |
now how |
/əʊ/ |
boat coat |
|
| 清辅音(没有声音只有气流) |
|
浊辅音(有声音并且声带会震动) |
| /p/ |
pen map |
|
/b/ |
big job |
| /t/ |
time cat |
|
/d/ |
good food |
| /k/ |
book week |
|
/g/ |
egg dog |
| /f/ |
wife knife |
|
/v/ |
love give |
| /s/ |
nice rice |
|
/z/ |
his size |
| /θ/ |
bath south |
|
/ð/ |
with smmooth |
| /ʃ/ |
wash dish |
|
/ʒ/ |
usually vision |
| /h/ |
hand home |
|
/r/ |
sorry story |
| /tʃ/ |
teach lunch |
|
/dʒ/ |
page large |
| /tr/ |
tree trip |
|
/dr/ |
dress dry |
| /ts/ |
cats hats |
|
/dz/ |
beds cards |
| 鼻音 |
| /m/ |
mom some |
/n/ |
pen sun |
/ŋ/ drink sing |
| 边辅音（在前面） |
|
边辅音（在后面） |
| /l/ |
let |
|
/l/ |
ball |
| 半元音 |
| /j/ |
year yellow |
|
/w/ |
why water |
重读开音节(发名称音) (元音+辅音+不发音的e) 或 (辅音+元音) 如：rape
重读闭音节(一般发短元音) (单词结尾是元音+一个或多个辅音) 如：rap
'(重音符号) ˌ(弱重音符号)
如果名词以-s结尾，变成复数时加-es 如 dress -> dresses
如果名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音(/s/、/ʃ/、/tʃ/除外)，-s发/s/的音 如 books /bʊks/
如果名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音(/z/、/ʒ/、/dʒ/除外)或元音，-s发/z/的音 如 dogs /dɔgz/
如果名词词尾的发音是/s/、/z/、/ʃ/、/ʒ/、/tʃ/、/dʒ/，-s发/ɪz/ 如 dresses /'dresɪz/
如果名词以-f或-fe结尾，变成复数时一般要把-f或-fe变成-v，再加-es 如：housewife -> housewives
英语中有一些名词的复数是不规则的 如：man -> men woman -> women
进行时 -ing -e结尾的 去-e 加-ing 如：making 如果动词只有一个元音字母，后面跟了一个辅音字母，双写辅音字母 如：running